More detail on Plans and Planning

PRINCE2® defines 3 levels of plan within a project: the use of the term plan here means 'includes a schedule of resourced tasks and necessary supporting elements'[1].

The levels of plans with in PRINCE2® are:

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(A.30) Project Plan: A description of the project’s intended achievements versus time which is oriented towards communicating with the (B.1) Project Board. The (A.30) Project Plan is a mandatory element of PRINCE2®.

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(A.35) Stage Plan: A description of the project’s intended actions versus time and resourcing that will lead to the achievements in the (A.30) Project Plan. The (A.35) Stage Plan is oriented towards the (B.5) Project Manager’s needs for day-to-day control.

The (A.35) Stage Plan is described by PRINCE2® as required meaning that it may be within the (A.30) Project Plan. The (A.35) Stage Plan will be a separate document if the (B.1) Project Board’s needs for overview and the (B.5) Project Manager’s need for detail clash. The stage plan will also be a separate document

A. 30 Project Plan

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“A mandatory plan [created from the outline in the Project Brief at IP2 and updated in SB2/ CP3] …[showing] how and when a project’s objectives are to be achieved, … the major products, activities and resources”

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“It provides the Business Case with planned project costs [& timescales] and it identifies the management stages and other major control points”

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It is used by the Project Board as a baseline against which to monitor project progress and cost stage by stage

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Incorporated into the A27 PID

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Contingency plans for how any risks that materialise will be dealt with

Composition

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Plan description: textual, brief description of plan scope, all assumptions upon which the plan stands, all prerequisites that must be in place from project start to end for project success, all external dependencies

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Project-level

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Tolerances, change budget and contingency plans explaining how impacts of materialised risks will be managed

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Product Breakdown Structure & linked Product descriptions, Product Flow Diagrams & linked activity network

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Resultant graphical or other representation of schedule, financial budget/ cash-flows, tables of resourcing requirements

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Gantt or bar chart with identified management stages

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Requested/Assigned specific resources

if the project needs to run across multiple stages that cannot yet be planned in detail[2].

A. 35 Stage Plan (or Exception or other detailed Plan)

Baseline description of activities, reporting points and resources required to:

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Create the stage’s products conformant to quality controls described in the Product Descriptions

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Provide management resource to review the Issue Log

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Ensure day-to-day progress control (within tolerances) of the products that satisfy the objectives of a stage

Created in SB1 by extending the detail from the A30 Project Plan to a level of detail sufficient to detect deviations in a timely manner

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Created using organisational standards

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Contents consistent with and supports achievement of the Project Plan within constraints of Budget/ Resource/ Schedule

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Believable in the eyes of the Team Members

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Tracked in CS2 based on information from A3 Checkpoint Reports, CS5 Status reviews and CS7 corrective actions

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Every version is held in the E.2 Stage File

Composition

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Description of the plan’s Scope, Approach, External Dependencies*, Tolerances, Assumptions**, Risk Assessment and Resource Constraints

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Stage Quality Plan: IE quality control methods, timing and resources for each quality test used for major product

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PBS & PFD, Activities, Critical Path Analysis (& identification of activity float) plus budget & cash-flows

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Prerequisites*** that must remain in place throughout the stage

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Regime for monitoring controls and reporting

The stage plan includes tasks that are derived from the quality checking requirements documented in (A.22) Product Descriptions during PL2. The sub-set of the stage plan’s scheduled, resourced tasks that are quality oriented activities (linked to the (A.32) Quality Log) is called the Stage Quality Plan (SQP): it is not a separate document. Unlike the (A.31) Project Quality Plan which is actually a policy or strategy documents the SQP is a schedule of tasks.

Team Plans

The team plan is an optional planning level that describes the day-to-day activities to be carried out by a specific team within Managing Product Delivery (MP). Team plans are produced “according to local standards” and will be required where individual team’s commercial arrangements (eg in a sub-contractor and possible outside of PRINCE2®), geography (eg at a separate location) or technical specialism makes it appropriate to define their work separately.

Team plans may be created during Managing Stage Boundaries (SB), indeed the (A.35) Stage Plan may be created by aggregating team plans. Alternatively team plans may be created by (B.6) Team Managers in Accepting a Work-Package (MP1) when the (B.5) Project Manager assigns a (A.36) Work Package via Authorising Work-Package (CS1) in order to confirm that the (A.36) Work Package’s tolerances for time, scope, quality, risk and cost can be met (note benefits are a project level tolerance).

A team plan will include tasks, linked to the (A.32) Quality Log’s records of intended checks that are dictated by the (A.22) Product Descriptions within the plan’s scope. The quality checking tasks are in total known as the Team Quality Plan (TQP). The TQP is not a separate document.

Exception plans

Any of the three levels above may be replaced by an (A.11) Exception Plan. An exception plan is simply a replacement for any level of plan that proposes a response to an exceptional (good or bad) situation. An exception plan runs from the time of exception to the end of the time of the plan it replaces. Exception plans are produced according to the specification of the plan they replace: ie (A.30) Project Plan or (A.35) Stage Plan.

Other Legitimate Plans (and see the foot-note about things named plan that do not include schedules)

In addition to the plan types above the project will produce a (A.19) Post-Project Review Plan. Finally the project may be included within a programme that has a programme plan although this isn’t with PRINCE2®’s scope the PRINCE2® project will have to be aware of and aligned with programme planning practices and constraints such as milestones, reporting and escalation regimes.

Well done!! That concludes the overview of all things PRINCE2®. Next is detailed treatment of each of the eight components and their integration with the three techniques. The first is Organisation.


 

[1]      PRINCE2® also uses the term plan in the title of documents such as the (A.4) Communication Plan, (A.6) Configuration Management Plan and (A.31) Project Quality Plan all of which might be better labelled as policies because they do state “how” and some level of “who” but not “when”.

[2]      PRINCE2®’s concept of stage plans planned in detail from the overview project plan is entirely consistent with the idea of Rolling Wave Planning as expressed in the PMBOK, although PRINCE2® adds the motivation that each level of plan has a different primary audience.